Modellgalerie
Double Pipe Heat Exchanger
Double-pipe heat exchangers, with their typical U-turn shape, are one of the simplest and cheapest type of heat exchangers used in the chemical process industry. This example studies the cooling of hot oil (130°C) by a cool oil (60°C) entering in counter-current. As the oils flow through the system, the material properties of both change with the varying temperature. The model uses the ...
Composite Thermal Barrier
This example shows how to set up multiple sandwiched thin layers with different thermal conductivities in two different ways. First, the composite is modeled as a 3D object. In the second approach the Thin thermally resistive layer boundary condition is used to avoid resolving the thin domains. The technique is useful when modeling heat transfer through thermal barriers like multilayer coatings.
Cross-Flow Heat Exchanger
This model solves the fluid flow and heat transfer in a micro heat exchanger made of stainless steel. These types of heat exchangers are found in lab-on-chip devices in biotechnology and micro reactors, for example for micro fuel cells. The model takes heat transferred through both convection and conduction into account. A square cross-section is used for the fluid channels instead of circular ...
Heated Vertical Plate
This model shows the application of COMSOL Multiphysics in modeling the non-isothermal flow of gases at relatively low flow velocities. Here, a vertical plate is held at a constant temperature, which is higher than that of the surrounding air. When the warm plate heats the air near its surface, the air starts rising upward due to its change in density. The model assumes that the work done ...
Evaporative Cooling of Water
This tutorial shows how to couple three physics interfaces to model evaporative cooling. The effects need to be taken into account are heat transfer, transport of water vapor and fluid flow. User-defined expressions are used to implement the source term for the water vapor and evaporative heat source, as well as the moist air feature to accurately describe the material properties.
Temperature Field in a Cooling Flange
A cooling flange in a chemical process is used to cool the process fluid, which flows through the flange. The surrounding air cools the flange via natural convection. In the stationary model, the forced convection to the process fluid is modeled using a constant heat transfer coefficient. The natural convection cooling is modeled using tabulated empirical transfer coefficients that are ...
Non-Isothermal Flow Around a Cooling Device
This model shows the application of COMSOL Multiphysics in the modeling of non-isothermal laminar flow of fluids (in this case a gas). The model assumes that the expansion work done by the gas is negligible, that the variations in temperature are obtained through external heating, and that the fluid is an ideal gas. The model treats the steady flow of a gas over a fin, which is heated by an ...
Thermal Modeling of a Power Transformer
This model describes the temperature distribution in a coil-shaped power transformer which is cooled by forced flow of transformer oil from the bottom. The properties of the oil varies strongly with temperature, making modeling of the fluid flow in combination with the heat transfer necessary. The results show the position of the "hot spot", and that there is an unexpected radial flow component ...
Parasol
This model illustrate how to model thermal effects of the sun as an external radiative source and considers wavelength-dependent surface emissivities. Two styrofoam coolers are exposed to ambient conditions. A parasol provides shade for one of the coolers for most of the day. The temperature of the beverage cans in the coolers is computed over time.
Optimizing a Thermal Process
A thermal processing scenario is modeled whereby two heaters raise the temperature of a gas flowing through a channel. The Optimization Module is used to find the heater power to maximize the outflow temperature, while maintaining a constraint on the peak temperature at the heaters themselves.
