Second Harmonic Generation of a Gaussian Beam
Laser systems are an important application area in modern electronics. With nonlinear materials it is possible to generate harmonics that are a multiple of the frequency of the laser light. This model shows how a second harmonic generation can be set up as a transient wave simulation, using nonlinear material properties. A YAG (lambda=1.06 microm.) laser beam is focused on a nonlinear crystal, ...
Finding the Impedance of a Coaxial Cable
The coaxial cable (coax) is one of the most ubiquitous transmission line structures. It is composed of a central circular conductor, surrounded by an annular dielectric, and shielded by an outer conductor. This model computes the electric and magnetic field distribution inside of the coaxial cable, analyzes the impedance, and compares the result with the analytic solution.
Modeling of a Mobile Device Antenna
Electrical components in wireless communication systems are designed to be small and light for portability and productivity while maintaining decent performance and efficiency. Antennas are essential components in mobile devices and are required to fit in the limited space allowed by industrial specifications. To fulfill this requirement, a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is common and a ...
A SMA Connector on a Grounded Coplanar Waveguide
SMA connectors are popularly used on printed circuit boards (PCB) for testing. This model shows how to excite an SMA connector on a microwave substrate and how to terminate a grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) with 50 ohm using a lumped port and an air-bridge.
Coaxial to Waveguide Coupling
Feeding a waveguide from a coaxial cable is a straightforward way to achieve electromagnetic waves inside a waveguide. Due to its small size and circular shape, the cable contributes significantly to the overall size of the problem. It is therefore necessary to keep the cable as short as possible. This model shows how to use pairs and the Port boundary conditions to feed a rectangular ...
Conical Antenna
Conical antennas are useful for many applications due to their broadband characteristics and relative simplicity. In this example, we study the antenna impedance and radiation pattern as functions of frequency for a monoconical antenna with a finite ground plane and a 50 ohm coaxial feed. The rotational symmetry allows us to model in 2D, using one of the axisymmetric electromagnetic wave ...
Connecting a 3D Electromagnetic Wave Model to an Electrical Circuit
A model built with the RF Module can be connected to an electrical circuit equivalent, if there is some structure outside of the model space that you wish to approximate as a circuit equivalent. In this model, the 3D model of a coaxial cable is connected to a voltage source, in series with a matched impedance, and sees a load, also of matched impedance.
Notch Filter Using a Split Ring Resonator
A split ring resonator (SRR) has a band-stop frequency response that rejects a certain range of frequency. This type of SRR structure is popularly used as a resonator itself and can be combined periodically to build artificial meta-materials. In this model, a printed SRR on a dielectric substrate is coupled to a microstrip line. The entire circuit behaves as a notch (band-stop) filter, which ...
Substrate Integrated Waveguide Leaky Wave Antenna
Substrate Integrated Waveguides (SIW) can be used in antenna applications. Leaky waves from a slot array on the top surface of the SIW in this model generate a beam in a certain direction that can be steered by choosing a different operating frequency.
Transient Modeling of a Coaxial Cable
Simulation of Maxwell’s equations in the time domain is useful if the objective of the analysis is to observe a transient phenomenon, to find the time it takes a signal to propagate, or if the materials being modeled are non-linear with respect to the electric or magnetic field strength. This model simulates a pulse propagating down a coaxial transmission line and observes the time it takes for ...
