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Bioscience and Bioengineering

Deformable Image Registration for Pleural Photodynamic Therapy

B. Liu[1], T. C. Zhu[1]
[1]Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Deformable image registration is a form of medical image processing that can provide insights into the development of phenomenon and variation in normal anatomical structure over time. Prior to post-operative pleural photodynamic therapy (PDT), a series of CT scans of lungs will be ... Mehr lesen

Acoustic Field Comparison of High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Using Experimental Characterization and Finite Element Simulation

J. L. Teja[1], A. Vera[1], L. Leija[1]
[1]Department of Electrical Engineering, Cinvestav-IPN, Mexico D.F., Mexico

High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) is used as a noninvasive technique of tissue heating and ablation for different medical treatments. This paper presents a quantitative comparison of HIFU acoustic fields experimentally obtained versus simulated acoustic fields. Acoustic field ... Mehr lesen

A Method for Efficient Calculation of Diffusion and Reactions of Lipophilic Compounds in Complex Cell Geometry

Kristian Dreij[1], Qasim Ali Chaudhry[2], Bengt Jernström[1], Ralf Morgenstern[1], and Michael Hanke[2]
[1]Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
[2]School of Computer Science and Communication, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden

A general description of effects of toxic compounds in mammalian cells is facing several problems. Firstly, most toxic compounds are hydrophobic and partition phenomena strongly influence their behaviour. Secondly, cells display considerable heterogeneity regarding the presence, activity ... Mehr lesen

Design of Microfluidic Device for Cellular Experiment Under Controlled Oxygen Tension

K. Funamoto[1], I.K. Zervantonakis[2], R.D. Kamm[2]
[1]Tohoku University, Sendai City, Miyagi, Japan
[2]Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Numerical simulation of oxygen tension was performed to develop a microfluidic device for three-dimensional real-time observation of cellular response under hypoxia. The optimal experimental condition was obtained through investigations of effects of parameters, such as device thickness ... Mehr lesen

A Multiscale-Multiphysics Model for Axon Pathfinding Simulation, the Example of the Olfactory System

G. Naldi[1], G. Aletti[1], P. Causin[1]
[1]Dipartimento di Matematica ‘F. Enriques’, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy

In the developing embryo, neurons form connections by projecting axons to appropriate target areas. The projection process includes neurite elongation, resulting from the assembly of new cytoskeletal material at the free end of the axon, a complex cascade of steering decisions, driven by ... Mehr lesen

Modeling Acoustic Waveguides for Ear Impedance Measurements

R. Sisto[1], L. Cerini[1], D. Mambro[2], A. Moleti[2], F. Sanjust[1]
[1]INAIL Research, Monteporzio Catone, Italy
[2]Università di Roma, Tor Vergata, Italy

The otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are acoustic signals emitted by the inner ear as a consequence of the activity of a nonlinear feedback mechanism capable of amplifying the signal near to the hearing threshold level. The otoacoustic emissions can be used as an acoustic imaging of the ... Mehr lesen

Computational Modeling to Study the Treatment of Cardiac Arrhythmias using Radiofrequency Ablation

A. González-Suárez[1], M. Trujillo[2], J. Koruth[3], A. D'Avila[3], E. Berjano[1]
[1]Biomedical Synergy, Electronic Engineering Department,Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
[2]Instituto Universitario de Matemática Pura y Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
[3]Helmsley Cardiac Electrophysiology Center, Mt SinaiMedicalCenter and School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA

Previous studies proposed using bipolar radiofrequency ablation across two catheters placed on opposing surfaces of the ventricular wall to create transmural lesions. 2D and 3D models were built and solved with COMSOL Multiphysics software. With these models, it was possible to study the ... Mehr lesen

Investigation of the Effect of Spinal Defects on Spondylolysis and Stress Fracture of Vertebral Bodies

M.S. Yeoman[1], C. Quah[2], A. Cizinauskas[1], K. Cooper[1], D. McNally[5], B. Boszczyk[2]
[1]Continuum Blue, Tredomen, Ystrad Mynach, United Kingdom
[2]The Centre for Spinal Studies and Surgery, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
[5]Bioengineering Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom

Spondylolysis (SL) is a defect of the spinal vertebra, and is typically caused by stress fracture of the pars interarticularis bone of the vertebral arch. It is especially common in adolescents who over train in sporting activities. Spina bifida occulta (SBO) is a malformation of the ... Mehr lesen

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